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Sufism in Bangladesh is more or less similar to that in the whole Indian subcontinent. India, it is claimed, is one of the five great centers of Sufism, the other four being Persia (including central Asia), Baghdad, Syria, and North Africa. Sufi saints flourished in Hindustan (India) preaching the mystic teachings of Sufism that easily reached the common people, especially, the spiritual truth seekers in India.〔Some Aspects of Khwaja Enayetpuri’s Sufism by Md Golam Dastagir, published in Copula, vol. 19, June 2002, Department of Philosophy, Jahangirnagar, University, Bangladesh〕 The Sufism tremendously influenced local population and thus these Sufi masters were the single most important factor in South Asian conversions to Islam, particularly in what is now Bangladesh. Most Bangladeshi Muslims are influenced to some degree by Sufism. The conversion to Islam of the population of what was to become Bangladesh began in the thirteenth century and continued for hundreds of years. Muslim Sufis and saints (usually known as pirs in Bangladesh) and who wandered about in villages and towns, were responsible for many conversions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bangladesh - Islam in Bangladesh )〕 That is why large majority of Bangladeshi Muslims perceive Sufis as source of their spiritual wisdom and guidance and their Khanqahs and Dargahs as nerve center of Muslim society These majority of Muslims in Bangladesh are Sunni, who mainly follow the Hanafi school of thought (madh'hab). ==Sufi principles== The Sufi principles and practices of Bangladesh are completely traced to the Quran and the Hadith. The mystical expressions of the Quranic verses of the Prophet are the direct sources of Sufism. The concepts of nafs (self), zikr (remembrance), ibadat (prayer), morakaba (meditation), miraj (ascension), tajalli (divine illumination), faqr (spiritual poverty), tawhid (Unity of God), fana (annihilation) and baqa (subsistence) are all the basic sources of Sufism, as practiced in Bangladesh.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=SUFISM IN BANGLADESH Shah, Syed, Chishty, Nizami, Bukhari, Qadari )〕 The tradition of Islamic mysticism known as Sufism appeared very early in Islam and became essentially a popular movement emphasizing worship out of a love of Allah. rather than fear. Sufism stresses a direct, unstructured, personal devotion to God in place of the ritualistic, outward observance of the faith and "a Sufi aims to attain spiritual union with God through love"〔 An important belief in the Sufi tradition is that the average believer may use spiritual guides in his pursuit of the truth. Throughout the centuries many gifted scholars and numerous poets have been inspired by Sufi ideas.〔 References to the influence of the Sufis, see Part One: The Study of Sufism in the West, and Notes and Bibliography. First published 1968.〕〔 References to the influence of the Sufis scattered throughout the book. First published 1964.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sufism in Bangladesh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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